SHORT COMPOSITION

SHORT COMPOSITION

NATURAL CALAMITIES IN BANGLADESH

Introduction: Bangladesh is a dreamland of the poets. But she is not free from natural calamities. Sometimes nature becomes very cruel to us. We live on the mercy of nature.

Different calamities: Flood, cyclone, storm, drought and torrential rain visit our country almost every year. Bangladesh is often called a land of natural calamities. People of this  region work and live fighting against these natural calamities.

Flood: Bangladesh is a low-lying land. So, flood is an annual affair of this country. Flood is caused by heavy rainfall of the upper region of the area. Excess of water overflows the banks of the rivers. Fields and houses are inundated. Flood causes heavy damage to our life and property. Crops are washed away and trees are uprooted. Hundreds of people are rendered homeless. They take shelter on railway stations, schools, college and pass a subhuman life. The floods in 1956, 1974, 1984, 1987, 1988 and 1998 were dangerous. These floods caused a great loss to our economy.

Cyclone: Bangladesh is a tropical country. So every year cyclone and storm hit our land in summer or in late autumn. Depression in the Bay of Bengla causes cyclone and tidal bore. Dangerous cyclone and tidal bore hit the southern part and off shore islands of Bangladesh almost every year. They wash away tens of thousands of people, countless cattle and crops every year. People who survive lose all there belongings. The loss of property and the near and dear ones make their life miserable. The tidal bore of 1970 and 1991 were fearful. The total off shore islands were washed away and lakes of people died.

Drought: Drought is another natural calamity. In the summer drought causes loss of crops almost every year. Irrigation system in our country is not developed. Indiscriminate chopping of trees for fuel has turned a part of the country into a rainless dry land.

Frakka Barrage: Frakka barrage lessens the flow of water of the river. The diversion of the ganges water has created serious problems for Bangladesh. Now Bangladesh has to depend on India and nature for water, over flow of this causes severe floods and non availability of it causes drought. This has a very adverse effect on our economy and on the flora and fauna of the region.

River erosion: River erosion is also considered a calamity in our country. Erosion by the river Meghna, Padma, Jamuna and other river makes thousands of people homeless. Erosion occurs in the rainy season. With the onset of the monsoon, it takes a devastating turn. People living near the banks of rivers have to bear the brunt of the erosion.

Conclusion: Our people live struggling against all kinds of natural calamities. One day we shall be able to control these calamities. Now these are our daily companions. But people of Bangladesh are bold enough to face all these calamities.

NATIONAL FESTIVALS IN BANGLADESH

Bangladesh is rich in culture. We have a long heritage of culture. The people of this country observe different national festivals. These national festivals are related with different histories and struggle of the people.

Pahela Baishak, the first day of bangle New Year is observed throughout the country with traditional festivity. The businessmen and traders open halkhata (fresh account) on that day and entertain their clients and customers with sweets. Different socio cultural organizations chalk out elaborate programmes to celebrate the day. The day’s first programme begins at Ramna Batamul where thousands of people throng to welcome the New Year day.

The students of the institute of Fine Arts bring out a colourful procession wearing masks to welcome the day. They carry placards festoons poster and banners and parade the main roads of Dhaka. Women at home prepare nice foods especially sweets and entertain their relatives. People exchange New Year’s Day greeting and attend different functions. Every one is jolly on that day. Baishaki mela is a special attraction of the day. Baishaki fairs are held at different places of the country. The country wears a festive look on that day.

The 26^th march the independence day of Bangladesh is another national festival. It is a memorable day in the history of our nation. The national flag is hoisted at all public buildings and at the top of all private buildings. The day begins with 31 gun salutes. The main public buildings are illuminated on that occasion. Cultural functions are held at different places. People observe the day with a pledge to build the country.

The victory day is another national festival. After nine months bloody struggle we achieved our independence on the 16^th December, 1971. Three millions people sacrificed their lives in our War of liberation. So, we observe the day in a befitting manner. The national flag is hoisted atop all the houses and the important public buildings and illuminated with colourful lights. On that day the president the prime minister and the leaders of different political parties go to the national memorial at savar and places floral wreaths at the mausoleum.

People pay respect to the martyrs of the War of Liberation by paying wreaths and flowers to the memorial, thus the country wears a festive look on that day. These national festivals are deeply rooted in us. These festivals remind us of our cultural heritage and the valiant struggle of the countrymen for the independence.

UNEMPLOYMENT PROBLEM IN BANGLADESH

Introduction: Unemployment means want of work. When a man has no work to bring money for himself and his family, he is called an unemployed man. Unemployment is a great curse. Unemployment problem in Bangladesh is very acute.

The present situation: Thousands of people in Bangladesh are unemployed. At present the most difficult task of a young man is to find a job. A young man has to undergo a good deal trouble, anxiety and humiliation to find out a job. He has to run from office to office in search of a job. For a single post thousands of candidates apply.

The cause of unemployment: The cause of unemployment is not for to seek. Some of the reasons are started below:-

(a) Population growth: Bangladesh is a small country. But it has a population of sixteen crores.  Our population is growing at an alarming rate. As a result there are more people looking for employment than there are opportunities for employment. The growth of population outpaces all economic development.

(b) Industrial backwardness: Our country is industrially very back-ward. There are few mills, factories and firms in our country. Cottage industries have almost decayed. The mills and factories in our country can give employment to a limited number of people.

© Our agriculture: Bangladesh is an agriculture country. Agriculture in our country is a seasonal occupation. That is why the farmers have to sit idle for about four to six months.

(d) Defective system of education: Our present system of education only creates educated unemployed Young man. It does not give vocational training. As a result after passing B.A. or M.A. a student remains unemployed.

(e) Mentality of our young men: Our educated young men are unwilling to do manual labour. They think that service means only job in the offices. They have a false sense of dignity and prestige of being officers. They think that service is more honorable than independent business. So they run madly after jobs.

Evils of employment: Unemployment is a great curse. It brings starvation to a man and crime to the society.

Solution: Bangladesh has to be developed industrially. By setting up industries on a large scale, we can solve the problem of unemployment. Our agriculture should be modernized so that the educated youths can work in the fields. Self employment is a possible solution to the problem. The people themselves will engage themselves in economic activities.

Our educated youths can work in a business firm. They can be radio or TV. repairman, trader, weaver, a painter and so on. They can cultivate fish or grow vegetable. It is a matter of hope that the government is giving training to the youths in this regard. It is also giving them loan.

Bangladesh exports a huge manpower every year. This has solved the problem to some extent. Lastly, effective measures have to be taken to keep the population growth under control.

Conclusion: We hope that the government and the people of the country will realize the gravity of the problem. A day will come when Bangladesh will be free from the problem of unemployment.